All cameras have ISO, shutter speed, and aperture.
Just not all have the ability to change them.
As long as there is a sensor, a lens, and a shutter, you should have all that.
In case you don't know, ISo is the 'sensitivity' of the sensor. Just like when you buy film they sell different ISOs for the film.
Aperture is how large the opening on the lens is, larger opening = more light entering.
Shutter speed speaks for itself, how long the sensor is exposed to the light.
If you took a picture, you needed to use all 3.
In your case the phone just decided what to do for you instead of you doing it manually.