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Apache2 and .htaccess files
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PSPkiller
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Apache2 and .htaccess files
Ok i wasn;t sure exatcly where to put this. Seeing as the "Programming" forum isn't used a whole lot anymore I'll just stick it in here, OK?

So, I have me a little server chugging away underneath the sofa in my room. I use it for a few things like file sharing within the house, ripping CD's and DVD's, long conversion jobs, an FTP server and a Web server. It runs Ubuntu 9.04 Desktop Edition (I'm still reliant on a GUI, not that confident in the terminal.) For a Web Server it uses the standard LAMP stack with a Perl extension bolted on for running Webmin.

There is an area on the server that I use for Web-based admin tools like Webmin, PHPMyAdmin, Transmission WebUI. I want to password protect this area. 1 quick Google later and I'd come accross the .htaccess file. I've followed the tutorials to the word, made sure my .htpasswrd file was in place, checked apache2.conf but there seems to be no protection at all. I get no prompt for a username and password when I try and access the directory where all the admin tools are stored at all.

This scares me.

Anybody know what's giong on here?

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10/09/2009 01:51 PM
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squee666
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Post: #2
RE: Apache2 and .htaccess files
ask zinga he'll know

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10/09/2009 02:14 PM
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S7*
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Post: #3
RE: Apache2 and .htaccess files
you said you have a Webmin? Would that work as an interface for your server?

Decent enough Admin Panels give the option to make a Protected Directory...

As for the .htaccess way, I wouldn't know, and have had trouble modding them in the past.

Make sure the .htaccess isn't cached (though Im not sure it does) - do a reboot just to make sure.
10/09/2009 02:43 PM
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PSPkiller
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RE: Apache2 and .htaccess files
Webmin does let me edit access controls for Apache. Just tried... and failed...

Can't do a reboot at the moment as it's currently making an MP3 128Kb/s VBR copy of my entire music collection for streaming purposes (yes, i know i can probably set it up so that it's converted on-the-fly as it's streamed but I can;t really be assed to do it that way...)

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10/09/2009 03:00 PM
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trademark91
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RE: Apache2 and .htaccess files
when i try to make a file permissible, i right click>permissions>change to my liking> advanced permissions>also change to my liking.

i don't know about ubuntu, i never got very comfortable with the gnome desktop

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10/09/2009 04:36 PM
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trademark91
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Post: #6
RE: Apache2 and .htaccess files
O! just thought of this. If your willing to do a little work (i.e. re partition your disk, possible re installation of os) make 2 partitions: one for your OS-necessary files, one for everything else. then, (as root) put the folder you want protected in the OS necessary partition (correct any scripts to point to the new location of the file), and mark that partition as only able to be edited as root. when you want to edit stuff in that partition, you will have to enter the root password. voila!

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10/09/2009 04:53 PM
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ZiNgA BuRgA
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Post: #7
RE: Apache2 and .htaccess files
.htaccess is more appropriate for shared hosting.  I think by default, Apache has it disabled - it's better to edit the apache2.conf file anyway.  Check /etc/apache2/sites-enabled (can't remember the exact path, it's something like that) and try adding the stuff that you'd put in the .htaccess file somewhere in there.  Don't forget to reload Apache once you've edited and saved the configuration file
(from memory, /etc/init.d/apache2 force-reload )

PSPkiller Wrote:Can't do a reboot at the moment as it's currently making an MP3 128Kb/s VBR copy of my entire music collection for streaming purposes (yes, i know i can probably set it up so that it's converted on-the-fly as it's streamed but I can;t really be assed to do it that way...)
Streaming over HTTP with Flash?  AAC/Vorbis gives smaller sizes :P
10/09/2009 05:50 PM
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PSPkiller
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Post: #8
RE: Apache2 and .htaccess files
OK done some fiddling with my apache2.conf file and I've managed to completely nail/screw/fudge/ka-blammo it.

When I try and open the index page I get an Error 500 - Internal Server Error. Something else too, don't know if it's related - When I restart Apache I get the following message: "apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName"

My conf files:

apache2.conf:

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#
# Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.
#
# This is the main Apache server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about
# the directives.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.  
#
# The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:
#  1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a
#     whole (the 'global environment').
#  2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,
#     which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.
#     These directives also provide default values for the settings
#     of all virtual hosts.
#  3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to
#     different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the
#     same Apache server process.
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "/var/log/apache2/foo.log"
# with ServerRoot set to "" will be interpreted by the
# server as "//var/log/apache2/foo.log".
#

### Section 1: Global Environment
#
# The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,
# such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it
# can find its configuration files.
#

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# NOTE!  If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)
# mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available
# at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.1/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>);
# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.
#
# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.
#
ServerRoot "/etc/apache2"

#
# The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.
#
#<IfModule !mpm_winnt.c>
#<IfModule !mpm_netware.c>
LockFile /var/lock/apache2/accept.lock
#</IfModule>
#</IfModule>

#
# PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process
# identification number when it starts.
# This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
#
PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}

#
# Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.
#
Timeout 300

#
# KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than
# one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.
#
KeepAlive On

#
# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow
# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.
# We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.
#
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100

#
# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the
# same client on the same connection.
#
KeepAliveTimeout 15

##
## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific)
## 

# prefork MPM
# StartServers: number of server processes to start
# MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare
# MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare
# MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
    StartServers          5
    MinSpareServers       5
    MaxSpareServers      10
    MaxClients          150
    MaxRequestsPerChild   0
</IfModule>

# worker MPM
# StartServers: initial number of server processes to start
# MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections
# MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare
# ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process
# MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves
<IfModule mpm_worker_module>
    StartServers          2
    MaxClients          150
    MinSpareThreads      25
    MaxSpareThreads      75 
    ThreadsPerChild      25
    MaxRequestsPerChild   0
</IfModule>

# These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
User ${APACHE_RUN_USER}
Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}

#
# AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory
# for additional configuration directives.  See also the AllowOverride
# directive.
#

AccessFileName .htaccess

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being 
# viewed by Web clients. 
#
<Files ~ "^\.ht">
    Order allow,deny
    Deny from all
</Files>

#
# DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document
# if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.
# If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is
# a good value.  If most of your content is binary, such as applications
# or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to
# keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are
# text.
#
DefaultType text/plain


#
# HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses
# e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).
# The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people
# had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that
# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the
# nameserver.
#
HostnameLookups Off

# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

# Include module configuration:
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf

# Include all the user configurations:
Include /etc/apache2/httpd.conf

# Include ports listing
Include /etc/apache2/ports.conf

#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive (see below).
# If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i
#
LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent

#
# Define an access log for VirtualHosts that don't define their own logfile
CustomLog /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log vhost_combined

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#

#
# Putting this all together, we can internationalize error responses.
#
# We use Alias to redirect any /error/HTTP_<error>.html.var response to
# our collection of by-error message multi-language collections.  We use 
# includes to substitute the appropriate text.
#
# You can modify the messages' appearance without changing any of the
# default HTTP_<error>.html.var files by adding the line:
#
#   Alias /error/include/ "/your/include/path/"
#
# which allows you to create your own set of files by starting with the
# /usr/share/apache2/error/include/ files and copying them to /your/include/path/, 
# even on a per-VirtualHost basis.  The default include files will display
# your Apache version number and your ServerAdmin email address regardless
# of the setting of ServerSignature.
#
# The internationalized error documents require mod_alias, mod_include
# and mod_negotiation.  To activate them, uncomment the following 30 lines.

#    Alias /error/ "/usr/share/apache2/error/"
#
#    <Directory "/usr/share/apache2/error">
#        AllowOverride None
#        Options IncludesNoExec
#        AddOutputFilter Includes html
#        AddHandler type-map var
#        Order allow,deny
#        Allow from all
#        LanguagePriority en cs de es fr it nl sv pt-br ro
#        ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback
#    </Directory>
#
#    ErrorDocument 400 /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 401 /error/HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 403 /error/HTTP_FORBIDDEN.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 404 /error/HTTP_NOT_FOUND.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 405 /error/HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 408 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 410 /error/HTTP_GONE.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 411 /error/HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 412 /error/HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 413 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 414 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 415 /error/HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 500 /error/HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 501 /error/HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 502 /error/HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 503 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var
#    ErrorDocument 506 /error/HTTP_VARIANT_ALSO_VARIES.html.var



# Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files,
# see README.Debian for details.

# Include generic snippets of statements
Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/

# Include the virtual host configurations:
Include /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/


/sites-enabled/000-default:

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<VirtualHost *:80>
	ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost

	DocumentRoot /var/www
	<Directory />
		Options FollowSymLinks
		AllowOverride All
	</Directory>
	<Directory /var/www/>
		Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
		AllowOverride None
order allow,deny
allow from all
AuthType Basic
require user rob
Satisfy all
AuthUserFile /home/rob/.htpasswd
	</Directory>

	ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
	<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
		AllowOverride None
		Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
		Order allow,deny
		Allow from all
	</Directory>

ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log

	# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
	# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn

CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log "combined"

    Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
    <Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
        Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
        Order deny,allow
        Deny from all
        Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>


I've tried setting everything back to how it was before and then restarting Apache but I still get the Error 500.


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11/09/2009 09:04 AM
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ZiNgA BuRgA
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Post: #9
RE: Apache2 and .htaccess files
I'm guessing your setup uses named virtual hosts.
Try adding:

Code:
NameVirtualHost *

At the top of the sites-enabled config (ie on a new line before "<VirtualHost *:80>").

11/09/2009 04:07 PM
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PSPkiller
*The Sweaty Indian/Welsh Guy*

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Post: #10
RE: Apache2 and .htaccess files
I've fixed it now. Not entirely sure how. I've re-installed the whole LAMP stack, re-installed all the php apps, fiddled with the config files making educated guesse along the way. It works now. Thanks all!

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12/09/2009 04:15 AM
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